In the News

U.S. Grains Council

Dec 9, 2021

The U.S. Grains Council's (USGC's) South Korea office recently took part in the Seoul Mobility Show. At the event, the Council worked to display the benefits of ethanol through conversations with attendees, interviews with the media and handing out promotional items. Pictured, USGC director in South Korea Haksoo Kim speaks with show-goers on the Council's ethanol work.

Little visitors spent time with the Council's interactive booth components.

To convey the benefits of ethanol to government and industry stakeholders, the media and consumers, the U.S. Grains Council’s (USGC’s) South Korea office participated in the Seoul Mobility Show from Nov. 25 – Dec. 5.

“The Seoul Mobility Show was an excellent opportunity to inform the media and other trade show participants about the carbon-saving benefits of ethanol,” said Haksoo Kim, USGC director in South Korea. “We remain optimistic that the Korean government will include bioethanol in the carbon-neutral scenario in the transportation sector next year.”

Nearly 8,000 visitors stopped by the Council’s “I Love Bioethanol” booth throughout the 10-day event to learn more about the necessity of introducing a bioethanol policy in Korea.

Council staff conducted a survey with those who stopped by the booth, participated in more than 20 interviews for local media and passed out recycled tumblers and eco-bags that featured the “I Love Bioethanol” logo.

“Of the 2,964 people who responded to the survey, 93.4 percent said carbon reduction was necessary in the transportation sector, and 80.2 percent said it is necessary to blend bioethanol to reduce carbon in the transportation sector in South Korea,” Kim said.

South Korea, a strong industrial-use market for ethanol, is currently exploring ways for the transport sector to reduce emissions, illustrated during the  Climate Crisis And Biofuel Symposium  held in early September.

“Ethanol has a compelling role in Korea to reduce its transport sector carbon emissions,” said Brian Healy, USGC director of global ethanol market development. “Events like this mobility show are a great way to highlight the pathway for a direct blending policy.”

With a goal of realizing carbon neutrality by 2050, the Council’s South Korea office has emphasized the important part ethanol can play in carbon reduction in the transportation sector by hosting educational programs and participating in public events.

U.S. ethanol exports to Korea totaled 137 million gallons in the 2020/2021 marketing year, a 23 percent increase compared to the previous marketing year.

Read the original story here.

Successful Farming

Dec 21, 2021

Happy days are here again at ethanol plants, with profits nearing the all-time high set in 2014.

The black ink has all but erased the industry’s bad old days of 2020 brought on by the pandemic-induced cutback in liquid fuel use.

Scott Irwin, Laurence J. Norton chair of agricultural marketing at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, says the rapid rise in ethanol plant profits has brought smiles to ethanol plant operators and owners across the United States. 

“Happy days are here again is an accurate statement right now,” Irwin says. While he doubts 2021’s profit margins will top the record returns from seven years ago, he expects them to be close because of the incredible ethanol price spike that occurred in the last four months of the year. On March 28, 2014, a representative Iowa ethanol plant modeled by Irwin chalked up a record profit margin of $1.53 per gallon. In mid-November 2021, profits at the representative Iowa plant totaled $1.34 a gallon.

“We are in rarefied territory for ethanol prices and profits, and it’s happened over a pretty short period of time,” Irwin notes. “What’s really interesting is that on August 1, plants were basically operating at break-even margins. Since then, ethanol prices and profits have gone literally straight up.” At the beginning of 2021, Iowa plants were selling each gallon of ethanol for $1.39. By November, ethanol prices had more than doubled to $3.17 a gallon. 

Connie Lindstrom, senior biofuels benchmarking analyst at Christianson, PLLP, in Willmar, Minnesota, says ethanol prices have been pushed higher because ethanol demand has outpaced supplies and corn prices have stabilized since harvest began. Ethanol plants also have seen strong demand for the coproducts they produce, particularly for corn oil that is processed into renewable diesel, she adds.

Christianson, which analyzes the finances of 60 ethanol plants that account for 35% of U.S. ethanol production, also has noted that prices paid for corn have stabilized because of favorable yields from the 2021 harvest, according to Lindstrom. “We had a good corn harvest this year,” she says, “which kept corn prices stable.” The twin trends of higher ethanol demand and abundant feedstock supply should continue, she adds, “which means we should get some pretty good profitability going forward.”

Scott Richman, chief economist at the Renewable Fuels Association in St. Louis, Missouri, says the financial fortunes of ethanol plants started to turn around in August. That’s when stocks of old-crop corn were running low, corn prices were relatively high, and margins for ethanol producers were quite thin, he says. Those negative factors led to a drop in ethanol production through mid-September.

PROFITS RISE 

When the 2021 corn crop started arriving in September, Richman states, gasoline demand surged and ethanol plants’ profit margins rose considerably. “Since then, ethanol production has really geared up,” he says, “and we’ve been producing more than a million barrels of ethanol a day for six straight weeks, approaching all-time production records a couple of times. And because ethanol demand has remained so strong, we’ve been unable to rebuild stocks.”

Walt Wendland, president and chairman of the board of Ringneck Energy in Onida, South Dakota, says dry weather cut corn yields in the area, but the plant has been profitable because higher ethanol prices have outstripped the higher corn prices the plant is paying.

Ringneck Energy, which began production in April 2019, produces 80 million gallons of ethanol a year. After a challenging first year, Wendland says, Ringneck Energy was turning the corner financially in March 2020, when COVID-19 hit and demand for gasoline and ethanol both plummeted. “Our start-up year in 2019 was extremely challenging, but when we went into 2020, things were starting to look better until COVID hit,” Wendland recalls. “Eventually, we’ve come out of it OK, and things are looking pretty promising.”

During the depths of the economic implosion caused by the pandemic, Ringneck Energy cut production by 50% or more when there was little demand. “During the third and fourth quarters of 2020,” Wendland says, “we returned to full production.”

CORN USE JUMPS

Corn remains the preferred feedstock for ethanol plants. In November, the USDA estimated corn used for ethanol production in the 2021-2022 marketing year to total 5.25 billion bushels, up 50 million from its previous estimate.

Because dry weather cut average corn yields in central South Dakota, where Ringneck Energy is located, the plant has been bringing in 20 to 25 railcars of corn every week to supplement the local corn it purchases for processing. The plant processes 80,000 bushels of corn a day. Local corn yields averaged about 100 to 120 bushels per acre (bpa) in 2021, Wendland notes. Normal yields are closer to 150 bpa and 190 to 220 bpa in a good year.

“We had an extended shutdown in August thinking that we’d have an early harvest in mid-September,” Wendland says, “but we had some rains that delayed the start of harvest until the first of October.” The late harvest meant that Ringneck Energy had to start using a 50-50 corn-to-milo mix for processing, although corn is the preferred feedstock for the plant’s ethanol. Milo accounts for less than 5% of the plant’s production, according to Wendland, who credits the plant’s marketing team for keeping it supplied with feedstocks, despite the dry weather.

Ethanol stocks haven’t increased because ethanol demand has risen even faster, Wendland says, and higher ethanol prices have outpaced corn prices. Ringneck Energy ships 60% of its ethanol on the BNSF Railway to the West Coast, and 40% of its ethanol goes to markets in the South and western United States, he adds. 

The company sells wet distillers’ grains to local cattle-feeding and cow-calf operations in the area, which means it saves on natural gas expenses by not having to dry the distillers’ grains.

“Corn oil prices have been unbelievable,” Wendland notes, because of renewable diesel demand. “That’s been a real growth market for our corn oil and an industry-wide focus for increasing profits.” Ringneck Energy has capitalized on those high prices by increasing its corn oil yields by 50%, he says.

2022 OUTLOOK 

Steve Roe, general manager and CEO at Little Sioux Corn Processors, LLC, in Marcus, Iowa, says the plant had one of its best quarters ever in the third quarter of 2021 and the fourth quarter looks to be even better.

As for 2022, “I don’t see how we are going to have as good a year as we’ve had in 2021,” he notes. “I just don’t think these large returns are sustainable.”

Exports are the wild card for 2022. “Export prospects look promising because oil prices are high worldwide, so that will push ethanol exports up as people substitute ethanol for gasoline,” Roe says. Domestic demand for ethanol will be 14.5 billion gallons in 2021 based on the amount of gasoline consumed. With U.S. ethanol production expected to exceed 15 billion gallons this year, exports are going to have to make up the difference, he adds. 

Domestic demand is expected to remain high.

Read the original story here.

UCF Today

Dec 14, 2021

A new material developed by the University of Central Florida may one day mean people could be pouring a drink for their car. That’s because UCF researchers are developing an alcohol-based power source for cars and other technology.

The power source —an ethanol fuel cell — is a renewable energy alternative to fossil fuels and uses less fuel and produces less emissions compared to a combustion engine.

This is because ethanol is used as a fuel to generate electricity rather than heat generated by combustion as in an engine. As a bonus, the approach requires no recharging time like is needed for battery-based electric vehicles, meaning consumers will have more options for alternatives to fossil fuels.

The fuel cell would be replenished similar to refilling a gas tank in a car, but instead of gasoline, ethanol would be used. Ethanol can be generated through fermentation of biomass such as corn and other plants.

The new technology is described in this month’s edition of the journal  Nature Energy.

“Our research enables direct ethanol fuel cells to become a new player to compete with hydrogen-fuel cells and batteries in various sustainable energy fields,” says Yang Yang, an associate professor in UCF’s  NanoScience Technology Center  and study co-author.

The development of ethanol fuel cells has been hindered in the past by sluggish internal reactions that hamper their performance, he says.

UCF researchers are overcoming this problem by adding the element fluorine to the palladium-nitrogen-carbon catalysts that spur electrical production in the fuel cell.

“Our lab has continued to work on fluorine-doped materials for energy and sustainability,” Yang says. “We spent more than two years on this project, we never stop because we believe this invention will change the world.”

Yang says the fluorine works to increase the effectiveness of the ethanol fuel cell by enhancing catalytic activity and decreasing corrosion.

The researchers found their designed catalyst achieves a maximum power density of 0.57 watts per centimeter square and more than 5,900 hours of operation in direct energy ethanol fuel cells. This has several times more power and operation time than previously developed ethanol fuel cells.

Yang says the technology is ready for commercialization now, and the research team is working on reducing the raw materials used and to reduce the manufacturing cost of the developed catalysts.

Study co-authors at UCF were Jinfa Chang, a postdoctoral researcher with UCF’s NanoScience Technology Center; Guanzhi Wang and Wei Zhang, doctoral students with the NanoScience Technology Center and UCF’s  Department of Materials Science and Engineering;  and Nina Orlovskaya, an associate professor in UCF’s  Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering.

Yang holds joint appointments in UCF’s NanoScience Technology Center and the Department of Materials Science and Engineering, which is part of the university’s  College of Engineering and Computer Science.  He is a member of UCF’s  Renewable Energy and Chemical Transformation (REACT) Cluster.  He also holds a secondary joint-appointment in UCF’s  Department of Chemistry.  Before joining UCF in 2015, he was a postdoctoral fellow at Rice University and an Alexander von Humboldt Fellow at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg in Germany. He received his doctorate in materials science from Tsinghua University in China.

Read the original story here.

Sen. Amy Klobuchar

Dec 14, 2021

WASHINGTON – U.S. Senators Amy Klobuchar (D-MN) and Chuck Grassley (R-IA) introduced bipartisan legislation to prohibit the EPA from reducing the minimum applicable volume of biofuels into transportation fuel once the RVO levels are finalized for any given year. This would prevent the EPA from retroactively reducing 2020 or future finalized RVO levels.

TheDefend the Blend Actis cosponsored by Senators Tammy Duckworth (D-IL) and Joni Ernst (R-IA). Companion legislation was introduced in the House of Representatives by Representatives Ashley Hinson (R-IA), Rodney Davis (R-IL), Angie Craig (D-MN), and Ron Kind (D-WI).

“Our farmers and rural communities are counting on us to uphold the integrity of the Renewable Fuel Standard,”said Klobuchar.“This legislation will stop retroactive changes to Renewable Volume Obligations so the renewable fuels industry has the certainty and stability it needs to create jobs, drive investment, and cut carbon emissions from the existing vehicle fleet.”

“Time and time again, renewable fuels have shown to be key in cutting both greenhouse gas emissions and costs at the pump. Yet, past and present administrations have overlooked the value of the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS), creating uncertainty for Iowa farmers and producers. With EPA’s most recent proposed action of lowering RVO numbers from 2020’s final rule, who’s to say that won’t happen again? It is critical that we establish new safeguards that uphold the RFS and ensure all administrations remain committed to following the law,”said Grassley.

“Upholding the Renewable Fuel Standard helps strengthen the Midwest and our entire nation by diversifying our fuel sources, bolstering our national security, cutting carbon emissions and driving economic opportunity in the heartland,”said Duckworth.“I’m proud to join Senator Klobuchar in introducing this important bipartisan bill that would create more stability for hardworking farmers who feed and fuel our country by halting these harmful retroactive changes to RVO levels.”

“Iowa’s farmers and producers work day in and day out to offer consumers cleaner, more affordable choices at the pump, yet their livelihoods continue to be impacted by bureaucrats in Washington who refuse to uphold the integrity of the Renewable Fuel Standard. This bipartisan bill will ensure the law is followed and in turn provide more certainty and predictability to our renewable fuel industry,”said Ernst. 

“This bill comes at a critical time,”said Geoff Cooper, Renewable Fuels Association President and CEO.“Just last week, EPA proposed an unprecedented retroactive reduction to the 2020 renewable volume obligations (RVOs) that were finalized more than two years ago. The RFS was created to provide long-term market certainty for our nation’s ethanol producers and farmers. Going back in time to slash RFS volumes—long after they have been finalized—undermines the purpose and intent of program and destabilizes the marketplace. We thank Sens. Klobuchar, Grassley, Duckworth and Ernst for working together to ensure the integrity of the RFS is being maintained and EPA is being held accountable.”

“ACE thanks these bipartisan Senators for introducing the Defend the Blend Act to help ensure EPA and oil refiners follow the law when it comes to the Renewable Fuel Standard,”said Brian Jennings, American Coalition for Ethanol CEO.“In light of last week’s proposed retroactive cuts to the 2020 biofuel blending obligations, this bill makes clear that going back in time and revising targets that already self-adjusted not only goes against Congressional intent but is likely illegal. We need EPA to quit playing politics when it comes to administering the program and instead look to it as an important tool to immediately make progress toward decarbonization goals for the transportation sector.”

“We’re grateful to Senators Klobuchar, Grassley, Duckworth and Ernst for introducing the Defend the Blend Act in the Senate, legislation that would offer more certainty in the marketplace, especially after EPA’s recent proposal to retroactively lower 2020 RVOs,” said Emily Skor, CEO of Growth Energy.“The Renewable Fuel Standard was put into place to blend more low-carbon biofuels into our nation’s transportation fuel supply, and it includes a built-in mechanism that adjusts for changes in fuel demand. Retroactively reducing RVO levels is completely unwarranted and unnecessary, adds uncertainty to the marketplace, and exceeds EPA’s legal authority.”

Klobuchar has been a strong advocate for investing in renewable fuel infrastructure and upholding theClean Air Act’s Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS).

In June, Klobuchar introduced a package of  bipartisan bills  to expand the availability of low-carbon renewable fuels, incentivize the use of higher blends of biofuels, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. 

Co-led by Senator Joni Ernst (R-IA), theBiofuel Infrastructure and Agricultural Product Market Expansion Actwould expand the availability of low-carbon renewable fuels in the marketplace, resulting in cleaner air, lower fuel process, and rural economic vitality. 

Also in June, Klobuchar led a letter  with 15 colleagues to the EPA and National Economic Council (NEC) expressing concern about reports that the Biden administration was considering options to exempt oil refiners from their obligations under the RFS.

In July, Klobuchar joined with Senator Deb Fischer (R-NE) to introduce the bipartisan Consumer and Fuel Retailer Choice Act, which would amend theClean Air Actto allow for the year-round sale of E15. 

In February, Klobuchar and Thune introduced the Adopt GREET Act  to require the EPA to update its greenhouse gas modeling for ethanol and biodiesel. Klobuchar also led a letter  with Grassley to the EPA highlighting the need to restore integrity to the RFS by reviewing small refinery waivers, swiftly issuing a proposed rule for the 2021 Renewable Volume Obligation, and advancing the proposed E15 streamlining proposal.

Read the original press release here

Ethanol Producer Magazine

Dec 13, 2021

The Biden administration has signaled its intent to publish a proposed rule setting Renewable Fuel Standard renewable volume obligations (RVOs) for 2023 and beyond next spring. A variety of other rulemakings impacting biofuel producers are also scheduled to be taken up by federal agencies in the near-term, including those related to RFS fuel pathways, the Biopreferred program, and permitting for certain corn ethanol plants.

Abstracts of the expected rulemakings are included in the White House Office of Management and Budget’s Fall 2021 Unified Agenda of Regulatory and Deregulatory Actions, published on Dec. 10.

The OMB’s unified fall agenda provides expected timelines for several rulemakings already in progress, including the EPA’s recently released proposed rules to set 2020, 2021 and 2022 RVOs and extend certain RFS compliance reporting deadlines, and the agency’s ongoing rulemaking to revise greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions standards for model year (MY) 2023 and later light-duty vehicles.

The EPA  released a proposed rule  to revise 2020 RFS RVOs and set new RVOs for 2021 and 2022 on Dec. 7.  The proposed rule also updates and re-proposes a provision originally included in the long-stalled  Renewables Enhancement and Growth Support rule  to allow for the production, transfer and use of biointermediates to generate qualifying fuel under the RFS program, and includes a variety of other provisions updating the RFS program. A public comment period on the rule is open through Feb. 4. The OMB’s  unified agenda indicates  a final rule could be released as soon as February 2022.

The unified agenda also addresses the  proposed rule  released by EPA in mid-November that aims to further delay certain RFS compliance and attest engagement report deadlines and change the way the agency sets those deadlines moving forward, but  does not provide an expected date for publication of a final rule.

The EPA’s final  rule to revise GHG emissions standards  for MY 2023 and later vehicles is currently  expected to be released  before the end of the year, according to the OMB. Representatives of the ethanol industry have urged the EPA to address GHG reductions made possible through the use of high-octane, low-carbon renewable fuels as part of the rulemaking.

According to the 2021 fall unified agenda, the EPA is currently expected to issue a  notice of proposed rulemaking for the post-2022 RFS in May 2022. Statutory provisions of the Clean Air Act governing the RFS program provides target RVOs only through 2022. Starting in 2023, the EPA must set those volumes based on an analysis of factors specified in statute. The upcoming rulemaking will establish volume requirements beginning in 2023, according to the OMB. A final rule is currently expected to be issued in December 2022.

The unified agenda also indicates that the EPA plans to issue a  proposed rule in January 2022  focused on RFS canola oil pathways for renewable diesel, jet fuel, naphtha and liquid propane gas (LPG). An abstract published by the OMB states that the proposed rule will provide an opportunity to comment on an analysis of lifecycle GHGs associated with biofuels produced from canola oil via a hydrotreating process. A final rule is currently expected to be published in July 2022.

The EPA is also set to reconsider prevention of significant deterioration (PSD), nonattainment new source review, and Title V treatment of corn milling facilities under the “major emitting facility” definition, according to the unified agenda. The OMB said the rulemaking would convene a proceeding to reconsider portions of a  final rule issued in May 2007  that applies to nonattainment areas. A  notice of proposed rulemaking  is expected to be released in February. The OMB provided no estimate of when a final rule could be issued.

The USDA is also expected to issue a final rule on its Biobased Markets Program, also referred to as the BIopreferred program, in June 2022. The rulemaking will  update the program  to reflect provisions included in the 2018 Farm Bill.

Read the original story here.

Ethanol Producer Magazine

Dec 8, 2021

U.S. fuel ethanol production expanded by more than 5 percent the week ending Dec. 3, according to data released by the U.S. Energy Information Administration on Dec. 8. Fuel ethanol stocks were up approximately 1 percent.

U.S. ethanol production averaged 1.09 million barrels per day the week ending Dec. 3, up 55,000 barrels per day when compared to the 1.035 million barrels per day of production reported for the previous week. When compared to the same week of last year, production for the week ending Dec. 3 was up 99,000 barrels per day.

Weekly ending stocks for fuel ethanol expanded to 20.464 million barrels the week ending Dec. 3, up 163,000 barrels per day when compared to the 20.301 million barrels of stocks reported for the previous week. When compared to the same week of last year, stocks for the week ending Dec. 3 were down 1.619 million barrels.

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Renewable Fuels Association

To facilitate year-round sales of E15 nationwide and remove arcane barriers to innovation and consumer choice in the retail fuel marketplace, six national farm and biofuel organizations have asked the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to enact regulations requiring lower-volatility conventional gasoline blendstock in the summertime. This would result in lower tailpipe and evaporative emissions during the summer ozone control season and improve air quality.

In a letter to EPA Administrator Michael Regan, the Renewable Fuels Association, American Farm Bureau Federation, Growth Energy, National Corn Growers Association, National Farmers Union, and National Sorghum Producers said reducing the volatility of gasoline by just 1 pound per square inch (psi) would yield significant environmental benefits.

Regarding air quality, the six organizations referenced and attached a new study using EPA modeling tools, showing that reducing the vapor pressure of conventional gasoline blendstock by 1 psi “…would be beneficial to air quality, as emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) would be reduced.” The study further concluded that “if the elimination of the 1-psi waiver [for E10] leads to the replacement of E10 with E15, it will also decrease greenhouse gases and particulate emissions.”  

The organizations also wrote that the move would “simplify engineering of emissions control systems and help facilitate compliance with Renewable Fuel Standard requirements, with no noticeable impact on fuel costs.” They attached a new economic study showing that lowering the volatility of gasoline blendstock would impact the cost of the fuel by just 1-2 pennies per gallon.

In addition, the regulatory strategy suggested in the letter would address the Nov. 3 request from seven Midwest governors for EPA’s help to secure state-level regulatory approaches to allow the E15 blend to be made available year-round. “The approach we suggest here would be similar to that contemplated by the Governors, but rather than a state-by-state solution, the proposed regulatory fix would be nationally applicable.”

WASHINGTON, D.C., Dec. 7, 2021 – U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Secretary Tom Vilsack today announced that USDA will make up to $800 million available to support biofuel producers and infrastructure. Today’s announcement includes $700 million to provide economic relief to biofuel producers and restore renewable fuel markets affected by the pandemic. The Department will make the funds available through the new Biofuel Producer Program authorized by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES Act). Additionally, in the coming months, the Department will make $100 million available to increase significantly the sales and use of higher blends of bioethanol and biodiesel by expanding the infrastructure for renewable fuels derived from U.S. agricultural products. The Biden-Harris Administration is committed to further growth of the biofuels industry, and the House-passed Build Back Better Act commits additional funding that will provide better market access for farmers and more affordable and cleaner fuels for consumers.

“Under the leadership of President Biden and Vice President Harris, USDA is providing direct relief to the people of rural America who are still reeling from the economic impacts of the pandemic,” Vilsack said. “As we continue to rebuild the nation’s economy, USDA is targeting resources and investments to improve the strength and resiliency of America’s sustainable fuel markets. The relief we’re announcing today will pave the way to economic recovery for America’s biofuel producers, stimulate a critical market for U.S. farmers and ranchers and move the country closer to President Biden’s goal of net-zero carbon emissions by 2050.”

Background on the Biofuel Producer Program

Through the Biofuel Producer Program, USDA will make up to $700 million in direct payments available for biofuel producers who faced unexpected market losses due to the pandemic. USDA will announce the official application window for this program within the coming week.

By making payments to biofuels producers, the program will help agricultural producers maintain and create more viable markets for products that supply biofuel production, such as corn, soybeans, or biomass. Payments will be based on the producer’s market loss volume in 2020, which is calculated by the amount of fuel produced in 2020 in comparison to 2019.

Background on Grants for Biofuels Infrastructure

USDA intends to make up to $100 million available in new funds for grants for biofuels infrastructure, such as blender pumps which ensure biofuels have greater availability in the retail market.  The funding will provide grants to refueling and distribution facilities for cost of installation, retrofitting or otherwise upgrading of infrastructure required at a location to ensure the environmentally safe availability of fuel containing bioethanol blends of E-15 and greater or fuel containing biodiesel blends B-20 and greater. USDA will announce the official application window for grants within the coming months.

Read the original press release here